Sherman was distantly related to American founding father Roger Sherman and grew to admire him. Ancestor charts showing the family relationships of General William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891) to other famous people. According to Lewis's account, which was repeated by later authors, Sherman was baptized in the Ewing home by a Dominican priest who found the pagan name "Tecumseh" unsuitable and instead named the child "William" after the saint on whose feast day the baptism took place. Linked pages will continue with descendants of each main line, in a growing database of Sherman lines, both of English and other roots. [90] His first major test under Grant was at the Battle of Shiloh. His father Charles Robert Sherman, a successful lawyer who sat on the Ohio Supreme Court, died unexpectedly in 1829. Grant, the previous commander of the District of Cairo, had just won a major victory at Fort Henry and been given command of the ill-defined District of West Tennessee. [208][209] Though exact figures are not available, the loss of civilian life appears to have been very small. The children were parceled out to relatives and friends. [256], Sherman lived most of the rest of his life in New York City. "[88][89], After Grant captured Fort Donelson, Sherman got his wish to serve under Grant when he was assigned on March 1, 1862, to the Army of West Tennessee as commander of the 5th Division. In response to this threat, Grant instructed Sherman to attack Johnston. [72] On June 3, he wrote in a letter to his brother-in-law: "I still think it is to be a long warvery longmuch longer than any Politician thinks. [39] He also opened a general store in Coloma, which earned him $1,500 in 1849 while his army salary was only $70 a month. . He stood by me when I was crazy, and I stood by him when he was drunk; and now, sir, we stand by each other always. [33] Sherman and Halleck lived in a house in Monterey, now known as the "Sherman Quarters", from 1847 to 1849. He interrupted his military career in 1853 to pursue private business ventures, without much success. [40] Even though he earned a brevet promotion to captain in 1848 for his "meritorious service", his lack of combat experience and relatively slow advancement within the army discouraged him. William Tecumseh Sherman was born 8 February 1820 in Lancaster, Ohio, into a family of eleven. [211] For instance, Alabama-born Major Henry Hitchcock, who served in Sherman's staff, declared that "it is a terrible thing to consume and destroy the sustenance of thousands of people," but if the scorched earth strategy served "to paralyze their husbands and fathers who are fighting it is mercy in the end". [128][129] Meanwhile, in August, Sherman "learned that I had been commissioned a major-general in the regular army, which was unexpected, and not desired until successful in the capture of Atlanta". General Notes: William Tecumseh Sherman was one of the most famous military leaders of the Sherman at first trivialized the corresponding threat, reportedly saying that he would "give [Hood] his rations" to go in that direction, as "my business is down south". Select a photo type. Sherman served under Grant in 1862 and 1863 in the Battle of Fort Henry and the Battle of Fort Donelson, the Battle of Shiloh, the campaigns that led to the fall of the Confederate stronghold of Vicksburg on the Mississippi River, and the Chattanooga campaign, which culminated with the routing of the Confederate armies in the state of Tennessee. [84] In his private correspondence, Sherman later wrote that the concerns of command "broke me down" and admitted to having contemplated suicide. I want peace, and believe it can only be reached through union and war, and I will ever conduct war with a view to perfect and early success. [106], The failure of the first phase of the campaign against Vicksburg led Grant to formulate an unorthodox new strategy, which called for the invading Union army to separate from its supply train and subsist by foraging. [244][245] During this time, Sherman also reorganized the U.S. Army forts to better accommodate the shifting frontier. [185], Towards the end of the Civil War, some elements within the Republican Party regarded Sherman as being strongly prejudiced against black people. [215] One of the most serious accusations against Sherman was that he allowed his troops to burn the city of Columbia. Father James A. Ryder, president of Georgetown College, officiated at the Washington, D.C., ceremony. In 1864, she took up temporary residence in South Bend, Indiana in order to have her young family educated at the University of Notre Dame and St. Mary's College, both Catholic institutions. According to British military historian Brian Holden-Reid, "if Sherman had committed tactical errors during the attack, he more than compensated for these during the subsequent retreat". His father was a wealthy lawyer who worked on Ohio's Supreme Court. When the bank failed during the Panic of 1857, he closed the New York branch. One, Charles, was conceived during the. [142] Sherman then dispatched a message to Lincoln, offering him the city as a Christmas present.[143][e]. He left his widow, Mary Hoyt Sherman, with eleven children and no inheritance. His men swore by him, and most of his fellow officers admired him. [260], Proposed as a Republican candidate for the presidential election of 1884, Sherman declined as emphatically as possible, saying, "I will not accept if nominated and will not serve if elected. He was one of eleven children born to Charles and Mary Sherman but was raised in the family of influential politician Thomas Ewing following the death of his father. [118], After Chattanooga, Sherman led a column to relieve Union forces under Ambrose Burnside thought to be in peril at Knoxville. [166][167][168] Before the war, Sherman expressed some sympathy with the view of Southern whites that the black race was benefiting from slavery, although he opposed breaking up slave families and advocated that laws forbidding the education of slaves be repealed. He passed away on 30 June 1951 in Virginia, St Louis, Minnesota, USA. The assassination of Lincoln had caused the political climate in Washington to turn against the prospect of a rapid reconciliation with the defeated Confederates and the Johnson administration rejected Sherman's terms. Click on the names below to see their relationship charts. McPherson. [19][20] As an adult, Sherman signed all his correspondence including to his wife "W. T. The Sherman's were well educated and highly cultured by Lancaster standards at this time. North Carolina, unlike its southern neighbor, was regarded by the Union troops as a reluctant Confederate state,[153] having been second from last to secede from the Union, ahead only of Tennessee. [243], Much of Sherman's time as Commanding General was devoted to making the Western and Plains states safe for settlement through the continuation of the Indian Wars, which included three significant campaigns: the Modoc War, the Great Sioux War of 1876, and the Nez Perce War. When Sherman's train passed Collierville it came under attack by 3,000 Confederate cavalry and eight guns under James Ronald Chalmers. [97], On November 1862, U. S. Grant, acting as commander of the Union forces in the state of Mississippi, launched a campaign to capture the city of Vicksburg, the principal Confederate stronghold along the Mississippi River. William Tecumseh Sherman . Charles Taylor Sherman, Judge 1811-1879 Married 2 February 1841, Mansfield, Richland Co., OH, toEliza Jane Williams 1822-1888; Mary Elizabeth Sherman 1812-1900 Married 19 October 1829, Lancaster, Fairfield Co., OH, toWilliam James Reese 1804-1883; John Sherman, Sen. 1823-1900 This frontal assault was intended as a diversion, but it unexpectedly succeeded in capturing the enemy's entrenchments and routing the Confederate Army of Tennessee, bringing the Union's Chattanooga campaign to a successful completion. "General Sherman" and "William Sherman" redirect here. In studies I always held a respectable reputation with the professors, and generally ranked among the best, especially in drawing, chemistry, mathematics, and natural philosophy. Sherman". Sherman, one of eleven children, was born into a . He steadfastly refused to be drawn into party politics and in 1875 published his memoirs, which became one of the best-known first-hand accounts of the Civil War. [186][187] In 1888, near the end of his life, Sherman published an essay in the North American Review defending the full civil rights of black citizens in the former Confederacy. "[27] Sherman was later stationed in Georgia and South Carolina. "[92], Despite being caught unprepared by the attack, Sherman rallied his division and conducted an orderly, fighting retreat that helped avert a disastrous Union rout. Though the commission was responsible for the negotiation of the Medicine Lodge Treaty and the Treaty of Fort Laramie, Sherman did not play a significant role in the drafting of those treaties because in both cases he was called away to Washington during the negotiations. [297] Former U.S. Defense Secretary Robert McNamara refers equivocally to the statement that "war is cruelty and you cannot refine it" in both the book Wilson's Ghost[298] and in his interview for the documentary film The Fog of War (2003). According to Sherman's biographer Robert O'Connell, "Shiloh marked the turning point of his life. I couldn't find out much about her other than the fact that she never married, and died in Massachussetts in 1925. [146], While in Savannah, Sherman learned from a newspaper that his infant son Charles Celestine had died during the Savannah campaign; the general had never seen the child. [9] He recovered and forged a close partnership with General Ulysses S. Grant. He later began a new climb to success at Shiloh and Corinth under Grant. [309], Other posthumous tributes include Sherman Circle in the Petworth neighborhood of Washington, D.C.,[310] the M4 Sherman tank, which was named by the British during World War II,[311] and the "General Sherman" Giant Sequoia tree, which is the most massive documented single-trunk tree in the world. Place of Burial: Mansfield, Richland County, OH, United States. Following the 1866 Fetterman Massacre, in which 81 U.S. soldiers were ambushed and killed by Native American warriors, Sherman telegraphed Grant that "we must act with vindictive earnestness against the Sioux, even to their extermination, men, women and children. [47], Sherman suffered from asthma attacks, which he attributed in part to stress caused by the city's aggressive business culture. You have chosen this person to be their own family member. Friends and family, however, simply called him "Cump." 2. [12] He left his widow, Mary Hoyt Sherman, with eleven children and no inheritance. [104][105] Arkansas Post was taken by the Union army and navy on January 11, 1863. I am not and cannot be. Mother of Elizabeth Reese Miller; Julia Willock Huggins; Margaret McComb; Robert Sherman McComb; Hoyt . American soldier, businessman, educator and author. [136][137] Sherman left forces under Maj. Gens. [275], Sherman wrote to his wife in 1842: "I believe in good works rather than faith. Person. Free shipping for many products! [16] Sherman had already been baptized as an infant by a Presbyterian minister[17][18] and recent biographers believe, contrary to Lewis's claims, that he was probably given the first name "William" at that time. [207], The damage done by Sherman's marches through Georgia and the Carolinas was almost entirely limited to the destruction of property. Sherman's younger brother John was, from his seat in the U.S. Congress, a prominent advocate against slavery. One 19th-century source, for example, states that "General Sherman, we believe, is the only eminent American named from an Indian chief". According to Sherman, the trek across the Lumber River, and through the swamps, pocosins, and creeks of Robeson County was "the damnedest marching I ever saw". The Life Summary of William Tecumseh. American historian Wesley Moody has argued that these commentators tended to filter Sherman's actions and his hard-war strategy through their own ideas about modern warfare, thereby contributing to the exaggeration of his "atrocities" and unintentionally feeding into the negative assessment of Sherman's moral character associated with the "Lost Cause" school of Southern historiography. 15", "Hard War in Virginia during the Civil War", "James M. Calhoun, Mayor, E. E. Pawson and S. C. Wells, representing City Council of Atlanta", "The complicated history of Gen. Philip Sheridan", "Timeline: A Chronology of Key Events in the Life of William T. Sherman, 18201891", "Sorrow at the Capital: Formal Announcement by the President Eulogies in the Senate", "In Headquarters, Military Division of the Mississippi In the Field, Savannah, Geo. He returned to Washington in 1876, when the new Secretary of War, Alphonso Taft, promised him greater authority. [274] He later married his foster sister Ellen, who was also a devout Catholic. [45][46] He resigned his commission in 1853 and entered civilian life as manager of the San Francisco branch of the Bank of Lucas, Turner & Co., whose corporate headquarters were in St. Louis. Sherman House Museum in Lancaster, Ohio, is the birthplace of General William Tecumseh Sherman, his younger brother U.S. Charles Robert Sherman father Mary Sherman mother About Maj. Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman (USA) Sherman died of pneumonia in New York City at 1:50PM on February 14, 1891, six days after his 71st birthday. The resulting trial of Satanta and Big Tree marked the first occasion in which Native American chiefs were tried by a civilian court in the United States. Sherman accepted the surrender of all the Confederate armies in the Carolinas, Georgia, and Florida in April 1865, but the terms that he negotiated were considered too generous by U.S. Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, who ordered General Grant to modify them. [30] In his memoirs, Sherman relates a hike with Halleck to the summit of Corcovado, overlooking Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, in order to examine the city's aqueduct design. Looting was officially forbidden, but historians disagree on how rigorously this regulation was enforced. [279], Some modern historians have characterized Sherman as a deist in the manner of Thomas Jefferson,[280] while others identify him as an agnostic who accepted many Christian values but lacked faith. At Shiloh, he may have wished to avoid appearing overly alarmed in order to escape the kind of criticism he had received in Kentucky. 1. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. [269][270], Sherman's body was then transported to St. Louis, where another service was conducted at a local Catholic church on February 21, 1891. Add a caption. Fires began that night and by next morning most of the central city was destroyed. "Lick 'em tomorrow, though. William Tecumseh Sherman (1866-1867) Lampson Parker Sherman, Jr. (1868-1955) John Sherman (May 10, 1823-Oct. 22, 1900) Married Margaret Sarah Cecelia Stewart, Aug. 31, 1848 Children: Mary Stewart ("Mamie") Sherman (ca. Some of us called upon him immediately upon his arrival, and it is probable he would not meet the Secretary [Stanton] with more courtesy than he met us. in New York City, New York, USA, This form allows you to report an error or to submit additional information about this family tree: William Tecumseh SHERMAN (1820), Copyright Wikipdia authors - This article is under licence CC BY-SA 3.0. This was the largest single capitulation of the war. [210] Consuming supplies, wrecking infrastructure, and undermining morale were Sherman's stated goals, and several of his Southern contemporaries noted this and commented on it. If your people will but stop and think, they must see in the end that you will surely fail. Family. From then on Sherman lived with his family's neighbor and friend, Senator Ewing. At the White House, Sherman met with Abraham Lincoln a few days after his inauguration as president of the United States. Sherman's success in Georgia received ample coverage in the Northern press at a time when Grant seemed to be making little progress in his fight against Confederate general Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. George H. Thomas and John M. Schofield to deal with Hood; their forces eventually smashed Hood's army in the battles of Franklin (November 30) and Nashville (December 1516). [103] Grant, who was on poor terms with McClernand, regarded this as a politically motivated distraction from the efforts to take Vicksburg, but Sherman had targeted Arkansas Post independently and considered the operation worthwhile. They had eight children: Maria Ewing Sherman Fitch, Mary Elizabeth Sherman, William Tecumseh Sherman, Jr., Thomas Ewing Sherman, Eleanor Mary Sherman Thackara, Rachel Ewing Sherman Thorndike, Charles Celestine. Boyd later recalled witnessing that, when news of South Carolina's secession from the United States reached them at the Seminary, "Sherman burst out crying, and began, in his nervous way, pacing the floor and deprecating the step which he feared might bring destruction on the whole country. Born William Tecumseh SHERMAN. [122] However, he enjoyed Grant's confidence and friendship. [299] The admiration of scholars such as B. H. Liddell Hart,[300] Lloyd Lewis, Victor Davis Hanson,[301] John F. Marszalek,[302] and Brian Holden-Reid[303] for Sherman owes much to what they see as an approach to the exigencies of modern armed conflict that was both effective and principled.