TR-46, Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of High Density Polyethylene Pipe, was therefore developed to serve as an inclusive document, providing practices for selection and placement of HDPE pipe using mini-HDD. The Calculator uses input such as directional changes in the bore Special care must be taken with the pressure of drilling mud, especially when the operation is shallow. to facilitate typical operations. For situations with burial depths or bore lengths beyond what the This method applies tension to the PE100 pipe during installation. UI. Physical properties of the PE material(s) are provided in the appendices, which allow determination of an appropriate wall thickness for the pipe, depending on its diameter and estimated peak pulling force (or tendency to collapse). ASTM International F1962, Standard Guide for Use of Maxi-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of Polyethylene Pipe or Conduit Under Obstacles, Including River Crossings, provides recommended procedures for the placement of PE pipe using maxi-HDD. At a minimum, it should be able to provide the necessary pulling force, based on the estimated required pulling force for the pipe itself, with possible additional capacity for accomplishing reaming. Pipe reaming, also known as pipe eating, is a trenchless pipe replacement technique that removes the host pipe while at the same time installing a new replacement pipe. HDPE water pressure pipes can be connected by a process called butt fusion, where the ends of the pipes are heated and joined together. It offers unmatched corrosion and chemical resistance, is flexible, durable and available in long reel lengths to reduce joints and installation time. It is using a simple flat blade slant face head for drilling in clay, the excavation being typically sized for man entry piecing up. For larger diameter pipes, which are supplied in straight sections, these sections should normally be fused together to form a single continuous length of pipe prior to commencing the pull-in operation. Horizontal Directional Drilling, Pipe Bursting, Microtunnelling and Pipe Jacking, Rev 1, February 2010; b. 4487 0 obj <> endobj The effect of shear forces directly imparted on the surface of the pipe by the drilling fluid (fluidic drag) has been handled in a widely disparate manner within the industry and is sometimes a major consideration. Problematic soil conditions include large grain content in the form of coarse gravel, cobbles, and boulders. Typical Maxi-HDD Operation (Courtesy of Murphy Pipeline Contractors), FIGURE 2. Mini-HDD operations are often performed during an upgrade of a large community, comprising many individual installations, with any single installation typically not receiving extensive investigation or analysis. HDD, also known as directional boring, was developed in the early 1960s and was first used by the oil and gas industry on large-diameter, cross-country pipeline transmission line installations. The staging of larger diameter and longer pipelines may require the use of pipe rollers and other facilities to ensure the pipe is not damaged during pull-back. This will require a check of ID and OD to ensure that flow capacity and external clearances are still adequate. Especially HDPE raw materials have good adhesion and toughness. The size, complexity and need for additional support equipment increases generally as the pipe diameter and length increase. 12), Last edited on 12 December 2022, at 19:58, "Fant ny lsning som gir gravefri tilkobling av hus til hovedvannledning", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Directional_boring&oldid=1127080039, Walk-over locating system A sonde, or transmitter, behind the bore head registers angle, rotation, direction, and temperature data. Pressure capability is dependent upon pipe SDR and is not a function of the method. The pipe must be securely gripped, including a swivel and possible breakaway link. %PDF-1.5 % The image above shows a sonde and battery fitted inside a slant face drilling head. endstream endobj startxref The use requires that the operator have complete information about existing utilities so that they can plan the alignment to avoid damaging those utilities. This information is transmitted through the wire-line fitted within the drill string. We are not only a product manufacturer, also a solution provider, whether you have a Question or Request For Quotations, we're here to help. %PDF-1.6 % HDPE pipes are ideal for pulling through long, underground holes as they are flexible, robust, and resistant to almost all aggressive elements. Advantages of the High Density Polyethylene Trenchless Pipes For Horizontal Directional Drilling The biggest advantage of HDPE HDPE trenchless pipes for HDD besides its long-life expectancy, is its heat-fused joints, which make the pipe a single homogenous pipeline. Horizontal directional drilling shall consist of the drilling of a small diameter pilot hole from one end of the alignment to the other, followed by enlarging the hole diameter for the pipeline insertion. At the surface a receiver (usually a hand-held. 0000009554 00000 n 0 Example of Capstan Effect (Courtesy of Outside Plant Consulting Services, Inc.). For the larger diameters typically used for such applications, PE pipe is supplied in discrete segments that are fused together in the field, with essentially no loss in tensile strength, facilitating the pulling operation. 0000009157 00000 n 3.0 SCHEDULE . [citation needed], Location and guidance of the drilling head is an important part of the drilling operation, as the drilling head is under the ground while drilling and, in most cases, not visible from the ground surface. The HDPE pipe should not be cut prematurely. In the absence of anti-buoyancy techniques, such as internal water ballast, the frictional drag developed within the borehole is generally much greater than that developed outside, because of the high buoyant weight for an empty PE pipe. Certain users require weak links that fail before the pipe if overload occurs but this will result in a partly installed pipe with no means of completing the installation without major disruption, cost and delay. In contrast, the convenient model employed in ASTM F1962 results in a very low magnitude effect, which is directly added to the estimated pulling forces, due to frictional drag, including the capstan effect. While the document provides useful information for evaluating the potential for collapse under lateral pressures, either during of following installation, the most widely used portion of ASTM F1962 are the formulae for estimating the pulling tensions corresponding to the leading end of the pipe reaching point A, B, C and D. These formulae account for the frictional drag acting on the pipe along the surface of the borehole, primarily due to the high buoyant weight of the HDPE pipe, within the relatively dense drilling fluid, especially for vacant pipe. 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This is achieved by pumping drilling fluid (mud) down the inside of the drill rods, which flushes the drilled material back out of the bore. This phenomenon is referred to as the capstan effect, as it is the principle of the capstan winch, as illustrated in. select the wall type based on those results and other factors. The drilling fluid is typically a suspension of a bentonite clay and polymers. Thus, ASTM International F 1962 provides a means of determining project feasibility, as well as initial design information. endstream endobj startxref [citation needed]. Using directional drilling techniques to guide a drill string along a bore path under obstacles such as rivers, lakes, railway crossings or highways, enables replacement of existing water lines, or installation of new ones, at a relatively rapid rate. It is used instead of other techniques to provide less traffic disruption, lower cost, deeper and/or longer installation, no access pit, shorter completion times, directional capabilities, and environmental safety. 0000002386 00000 n Pipeline design for installation by horizontal directional drilling -, Skonberg, Eric R., and Tennyson M. Muindi. [2], Directional boring/HDD is generally accomplished in three principal phases. No-Dig 2010, Chicago, IL, US. H|SQO0~W#. 0000002811 00000 n ASCE Pipeline Design for Installation by Horizontal Directional Drilling, CAPP Planning Horizontal Directional Drilling for Pipeline Construction, MAB-07 (2020) - MAB Guidelines for Use of Mini-Horizontal Directional Drilling for Placement of HDPE (PE4710) Pipe in Municipal Applications, Slavin, Larry and Petroff, Larry (2010). In addition, there should be a detailed subsurface investigation, including test borings and soil analysis, to confirm the general suitability for the drilling operation, and to determine the appropriate equipment and hardware. Bearing forces resulting from (previously induced) tension tending to pull the pipe snugly against any curved surfaces (capstan effect). During pull-in of the pipe a load link should be inserted between the swivel and the pipe to show and record the axial load applied. This technique involves drilling a pilot bore, generally along a closely defined shallow arc, and then, if necessary, enlarging the bore using a reamer or hole opener to create a bore large enough to accept the new PE100 pipe, which is generally pulled in behind a reamer. The development of trenchless technology to rehabilitate existing underground infrastructure with minimal disruption to surface traffic, business, and other activities, has left a lasting impact on the construction and civil engineering industries. The pipe entry side, opposite the drill rig, must accommodate the long length of assembled (fused) pipe. The technique is routinely used when conventional trenching or excavating is not practical or when minimal surface disturbance is required. 0000019257 00000 n Drilling for Placement of Polyethylene Pipe or Conduit Under Obstacles, The pipe must be appropriately aligned with the bore and at an appropriate bending radius to avoid any risk of kinking. B. with relatively shallow entry and exit angles, the associated load amplification due to this effect is not major; although for more complex paths, the effect could be very important. Allowable pulling loads are based on a minimum tensile yield strength of 3,500 pounds per square inch (psi), with a significant reduction to limit non-recoverable viscoelastic deformation, as well as account for the effective cumulative load duration on the pipe (assumed to be 12 hours), resulting in a safe pull stress of 1,330 psi. They also have many advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness, minimal impact on the environment, and safer processes. illustrates the operation in a city or urban application. One of the significant contributions of ASTM International F1962 is the provision of a rational, analytical method for selecting the polyethylene pipe strength based upon the estimated installation and post-installation (operational) loads on the polyethylene pipe. 4498 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<4208EEF0A5E3F94484FA965871FBCC68><35164F1782C1CE48B496975219464345>]/Index[4487 20]/Info 4486 0 R/Length 74/Prev 887916/Root 4488 0 R/Size 4507/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream 0000029587 00000 n One of the reasons why HDD is so effective is because directional boring contractors utilize polyethylene pipe.