One of her students, Mathilde Verne, carried her teaching to England where she taught, among others, Solomon. They formed a beautiful musical business partnership until his untimely death. London: Edward Arnold, 1912. [50], Banknote, reverse, showing a grand piano that she played, and the building of Dr. Hoch's where she taught. After that, he worked as a music teacher in Berlin and, thanks to the influence of his famous half-sister and his brother-in-law, was able to publish several compositions. [73], For the next 43 years of her life, she only composed piano transcriptions of works by her husband and Brahms, including 41 transcriptions of Robert Schumann's lieder (commissioned by a publisher in 1872), and a short piano duet commissioned for a friend's wedding anniversary in 1879. A serious eye disease sharply curtailed her tireless work in her last years and led to blindness shortly before her death. In 1837, when she was 18, he proposed to her and she accepted. Still, the two siblings reconciled shortly before Alwins death, to Claras great relief.Clara herself promoted Alwin, inter alia, at the piano manufacturing company Grotrian-Steinweg in Braunschweig so that he would receive a price reduction when he bought a new grand piano; she sometimes also spent the summer holidays with him, including the last summer before his death. "Clara Schumann," in Women Making Music: The Western Art Tradition, 11501950. 2. Together, they encouraged Johannes Brahms and maintained a close relationship with him. Eugen Bargiel was often criticised by his family because of a certain insouciance, but he was an amiable person and his brother Woldemar was very attached to him in memory of the youth they spent together.Bargiel, Clementine (1835 Berlin 1869 Johannisbad [now Jansk Lzn] / Bohemia), half-sisterClementine Bargiel was also very musical and was taught the piano by her mother and her brother Woldemar. The lives of the sons were sadder: Ludwig was confined to an asylum in 1870; Felix, like Julie, died of tuberculosis; Ferdinand died in 1891, addicted to morphine due to chronic back pain, after which his mother assumed the financial support of his six children. [72] Five years later, however, when she was 34 in 1853, the year she met Brahms, she engaged in a flurry of composing, resulting in 16 pieces that year: a set of piano variations on an "Album Leaf" of her husband (his Op. She gave concerts and taught, and she did most of the work of organizing her own concert tours. She cannot work at it regularly, and I am often disturbed to think how many profound ideas are lost because she cannot work them out. Kammervirtuosin), generally reserved for much older performers. She gave some advice about the Adagio, which he took to heart. 626627. She became deaf in later life, and she often needed a wheelchair. The following day, she played her husband's Piano Concerto with Bargiel conducting. Burton, Anna. She demanded two assistants, with her daughters Marie and Eugenie in mind. As Herr Wieck continued to reject Robert's requests to marry his daughter, the couple finally decided to go to court for permission to marry without his consent. 20 through 23. Despite the recognition of her artistic achievements, she was in the shadow of her older and more famous half-sister all her life. Rick Fulker. Clara Schumann wrote her first music while still a child, but as she grew older she found less time and energy for composing. Brahms received from him a letter of introduction to Robert Schumann, and thus presented himself at the Schumanns' home in Dsseldorf. [34] She had not fully recovered, and experienced more neuralgia in her arm again in May, reporting that she "could not write on account of my arm". Clara Schumann was born in Leipzig, Germany. [97] She was one of the first pianists to perform from memory, making it the standard for concerts. She lived from 1819 - 1896. Her father Friedrich Wieck supported the family through teaching music, operating a musical lending library, and handling the rental, sales and repair of pianos; her mother Marianne Tromlitz was a singer who performed frequently in the Leipzig Gewandhaus, and had also grown up in a musical family. Her husband, renowned German composer Robert Schumann, died in 1856. Who are Bruno Mars' siblings? Watch on. Edited by Aaron I. Cohen. Marie Wieck, Friedrich Wieck and Klara Schumann". During her lifetime, Schumann was an internationally renowned concert pianist. [31] Their first son, Emil, died in 1847, aged only 1. Everyone in my generation is trying for it." When Clara was eleven years old her brother fell off the roof of a . After that, she became independent and lived together with her friend Agnes von Bohlen. In early 1840, the lawsuit was still unsettled, and Clara was under great strain when she began a new series of concerts. Tonight kicks off the series with the life and music of the extraordinary composer and piano virtuoso, Clara Schumann. I determined to learn more about her. Chicago, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1986, pp. 5 4 Pices caractristiques in 1836, all piano pieces for her recitals. August 7, 2019 Isata Kanneh-Mason, one of seven siblings in a British family bursting with promising music careers, . 1 was Quatre Polonaises pour le pianoforte composed in 1831, and Op. 211227. Bargiel, Ccilie (1831 Berlin 1910 Waldsieversdorf/Brandenburg), half-sister, Ccilie lived together with her mother Mariane until the latters death in 1872, taking care of the household. Although these composers represent the standard repertoire today, in Schumann's era some were "modern," representing the avant-garde. Voreingestellt werden nur zulssige Cookies, fr die wir keine Einwilligung bentigen. 1854). Omissions? To support herself and her children, Clara threw herself into touring. 1849), Eugenie Schumann (b. When we said goodbye, my thoughts were whether we would ever see each other again. Brahms dedicated the variations to both Schumanns, hoping that Robert would be released soon and rejoined with his family. [84], The opposing side of this "War of the Romantics", a group of radical progressives in music (most of them from Weimar) led by Liszt and Richard Wagner, desired to escape composing under the shadow of Beethoven, but to transcend the old forms and ideas of what music had been and instead create what music should be for the future. She turned to including compositions by Baroque composers such as Domenico Scarlatti and Johann Sebastian Bach, but performed especially contemporary music by Chopin, Mendelssohn and her husband, whose music did not attain popularity until the 1850s. [6][49][51], She was the only woman on the faculty. They included subjects such as piano, violin, singing, theory, harmony, composition, and counterpoint. She died quickly and unexpectedly whilst on holiday, in the presence of her mother and all siblings, at the age of only 33. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In 1838 she was honoured by the Austrian court . As a flourishing composer's wife, she was limited in her own explorations. Several films have focused on Schumann's life, the earliest being Trumerei (Dreaming) of 1944. Like her father, Clara Schumann was an excellent teacher; she mothered her students and followed their careers with great interest. Updates? The great hall of the conservatory's new building is named after her. Reich, Nancy B. Clara Schumann: The Artist and the Woman. Clara Schumann gave her last performance as a pianist in 1891 when she was 71, crowning a performing career that had lasted more than 60 years. Clara Schumann gladly gave her lessons when she was staying in London or Clementine was on holiday in Baden-Baden. In her creative hands, the most ordinary passage, the most routine motive acquires a significant meaning, a colour, which only those with the most consummate artistry can give. NY: Summit, 1989, pp. 9. Her father was a piano teacher and taught Clara to play piano. 20. There were also times, however, when she performed with some of Europe's great orchestras, and she also enjoyed playing with chamber groups and for sonata and lieder recitals. 15-year-old Clara Wieck in 1835. He became a violinist, studying with Ferdinand David in Leipzig, and then moved to Reval [now Tallinn] in 1843. [34] She was the first to perform many of his works in public, including the Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Handel, a solo piano work written by Brahms in 1861. 1851); Felix (b. She premiered many of his works, from solo piano works to her own piano versions of his orchestral works. Vol. London: Rockliff, 1947, pp. Woldemar Bargiel was very introverted and forgotten as a composer still during his lifetime. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1985. [54], Clara and Robert Schumann had eight children:[55], Her life was punctuated by tragedy. Corrections? Die von uns eingesetzten und einsetzbaren Cookies stellen wir Ihnen unter dem Link Cookie-Einstellungen in derDatenschutzerklrungvor. Her career as a pianist took her to many European countries, such as to Switzerland in 1851, to Vienna and Italy in 1855, to Britain in 1864/65, to Russia in 1870, and to Scandinavia in 1879. )- (Tom Schumacher), Schuppe, Ernst Julius Wilhelm (18361913), https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/schumann-clara-1819-1896. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Subsequently, Friedrich Wieck took her on shorter concert tours to Thuringia (Eisenach, Weimar) and Hesse (Kassel). The court finally sanctioned the marriage on August 1 of that year, and the couple married on September 12, the day before the bride's 21st birthday. [106][107] The back of the banknote shows a grand piano she played and the exterior of Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium, where she taught. She was also instrumental in changing the kind of program expected of concert pianists. Brook, Donald. Marie Wieck, like Alwin Wieck, promoted the dissemination of her fathers teaching methods and published several works on the teaching practice of Friedrich Wieck. They were dedicated to Joachim, who performed them for George V of Hanover, who declared them a "marvellous, heavenly pleasure".[68][69]. 1870 "[25] In May 1853, they heard Joachim play the solo part in Beethoven's Violin Concerto. Over time it became clear, however, that he was not well. [2] Clara's parents had irreconcilable differences, in part due to her father's unyielding nature. [98][99], Schumann influenced pianists through her teaching, which emphasized expression and a singing tone, with technique subordinated to the intentions of the composer. Clara Josephine Schumann ([klaa uman]; ne Wieck; 13 September 1819 20 May 1896) was a German pianist, composer, and piano teacher. [32] Their relationship has been interpreted as somewhere between friendship and love,[33] and Brahms always maintained the utmost respect for her, as a woman and a talented musician. 7), chamber music, choral pieces, and songs. [6][51] She held the teaching post until 1892 and contributed greatly to the improvement of modern piano playing technique. In 1877, she performed Beethoven's Fifth Piano Concerto in Berlin, with Woldemar Bargiel conducting, her half-brother by her mother's second marriage, and had tremendous success. Apart from being prepared to perform, Schumann was responsible for scheduling her concerts, renting the hall, providing light and heat, renting and tuning pianos, arranging for newspaper advertising, and printing the tickets and programs. On the other hand, for more than a year, Clara . Ccilie was always so nice to me, so attentive, although she is already so old and actually in need of care. On 20th November 1843, Marie performed for the first time in public, in a concert of her half-sister Clara, with whom she played two movements of a Sonata by Ignaz Moscheles four hands. In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Encouraged by her father, she studied piano from the age of five and by 1835 had established a reputation throughout Europe as a child prodigy. [31] She hired a housekeeper and a cook to keep house while she was away on her long tours. "[15], Robert Schumann was a little more than nine years older than Wieck. "Schumann, Clara (18191896) Marie also dissuaded her mother from continuing to burn letters that she had received from Brahms which he had asked her to destroy. [13] On 15 March, she was named a Knigliche und Kaiserliche sterreichische Kammer-virtuosin ("Royal and Imperial Austrian Chamber Virtuoso"),[14] Austria's highest musical honor. Over time, her repertoire improved, with the dropping of flashy display pieces in favor of works by Mozart, Beethoven, Chopin, Mendelssohn, Schumann, and Brahms. Mariana also visited Clara with her daughters Clementine and Ccilie in Baden-Baden in the 1860s.On 15th August 1895, Clara wrote in her diary: [Departure of Ccilie and Laura [Peters] we will miss them a lot. . Although Schumann remained close to her mother, her father was the dominant figure in her life. 1845); Emil (18461847); Ludwig (b. In May 1856, she played Schumann's Piano Concerto in A minor with the New Philharmonic Society[b] conducted by Dr Wylde, who as she said had "led a dreadful rehearsal" and "could not grasp the rhythm of the last movement". She had never intended to give up her performing career, but travel now meant finding care for the young children, as Robert, who hated being separated from his wife, traveled with her. Her life was partly defined by her marriage to German composer Robert Schumann, whose keyboard works she championed as a performer, but her own accomplishments, which include a small but important body of . [11] Her Paris recital was poorly attended because many people had fled the city due to an outbreak of cholera. 236238. After that, Joseph Joachim appointed Bargiel professor at the Berlin Conservatoire, where he taught with success until his death on 23rd February 1897. [31], Clara Schumann has been portrayed on screen many times. 09/13/2019. From the marriage of Clara Schumanns mother Mariane and Adolph Bargiel: Bargiel, Woldemar (18281897), half-brother. B. das sichere Einloggen, das Laden von Bildern oder die Auswahl Ihrer Cookie-Einstellungen. [43], Schumann still performed actively in the 1870s and 1880s. Discover Clara Schumann's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. Austrian-born pianist Artur Schnabel (18821951) was the first artist to record all of Beethoven's piano sonatas. Beginning in 1853, the Schumanns developed a close professional and personal friendship with the composer Johannes Brahms that Clara maintained after her husbands death in 1856. 8) and the popular Scherzo (Op. One of the most renowned figures among classical musicians of the nineteenth century, Clara Schumann (18191896) was sometimes known, Ccile Chaminade However, as she became a more independent artist, her repertoire contained mainly music by leading composers. Siblings and half siblings of Clara Schumanns. . The lawsuit opened in July 1839. "French composer Ccile Louise Stphanie Chaminade (18571944) enjoyed considerable success between about 1880 and 1910, touring as, Artur Schnabel [39] St. James's Hall in London, which opened in 1858, hosted a series of "Popular Concerts" of chamber music. On April 28, 1833, she played part of a Schumann symphony, a first in the Leipzig Gewandhaus. Clara Josephine Schumann ([klaa uman]; ne Wieck; 13 September 1819 - 20 May 1896) was a German pianist, composer, and piano teacher.Regarded as one of the most distinguished pianists of the Romantic era, she exerted her influence over the course of a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital by lessening the importance of purely virtuosic . Four months after her youngest brother's birth in January 1824, her mother requested a legal separation. Her eldest living son Ludwig suffered from mental illness like his father and, in her words, eventually had to be "buried alive" in an institution. From the age of five, she was taught the piano by Louis Anger, then by her father, who kept a diary for Marie, as previously for Clara. Young. [6][74], Most of Clara Schumann's music was never played by anyone else and largely forgotten until a resurgence of interest in the 1970s. [47] Later that year she played Beethoven's Fourth Piano Concerto (with her own cadenzas) with Joachim conducting the same orchestra, again to great acclaim. She also composed solo piano pieces, a piano concerto (her Op. 1854). As it was customary to play one's own compositions, she included at least one of her own works in every program, such as Variations on a Theme by Bellini (Op. She developed a close friendship with Johannes Brahms, who had been a housefriend and admirer of the Schumanns; but despite his many . Most of the time, her days were devoted to studying the piano, with lessons also in theory, harmony, counterpoint, composition, singing, score reading and violin. She wrote that he played "with a finish, a depth of poetic feeling, his whole soul in every note, so ideally, that I have never heard violin-playing like it, and I can truly say that I have never received so indelible an impression from any virtuoso." Chissell, Joan. Dubal, David. B. indem sie Ihre Anmeldedaten speichern, die Videoleistung optimieren oder uns Informationen darber geben, wie unsere Website genutzt wird. Clara Schumann. Her Op. (April 27, 2023). Hosts Allison Charney and Donna Weng Friedman . Sibling: Not Available: Children: Not Available: Clara Schumann . In her later career, she frequently accompanied lieder singers in recitals. "Robert Schumann and Clara Wieck: a Creative Partnership," in Music & Letters. [8], She often took charge of finances and general household affairs. 1848), Ferdinand (b. She also studied languages in preparation for an international concert career. [64] She championed the works of her husband and other contemporaries such as Brahms, Chopin and Mendelssohn.[64]. "Schumann, Clara Josephine (ne Wieck)," in International Encyclopedia of Women Composers. "[47], She played her last public concert in Frankfurt on 12 March 1891. In addition, her mother was a singer. [63] Over 1,300 concert programs from her performances throughout Europe between 1831 through 1889 have been preserved. There, he noted that Marie was silly, stupid and lazy [], like Clara]. She edited the publication of her husband's work. Here's another of Fanny's late masterpiece Piano Trio, Opus 11 (1840). Her own compositions include works for orchestra (among them a piano concerto), chamber music, songs, and many character pieces for solo piano. 27 Apr. Brahms played some of his piano solo compositions for the Schumanns, and they were deeply impressed. [37] Still, she returned to London the following year and continued to perform in Britain for the next 15 years. Robert had a mental breakdown and left for a mental hospital, where he would die a couple of years later. At the same age, Clara had already given her debut at the Leipzig Gewandhaus concert hall. Daughter of Robert Schumann and Clara Josephine Schumann Wife of Vittorio Amadeo Radicati di Marmorito Mother of Eduardo Radicati di Marmorito and Roberto Radicati di Marmorito Sister of Maria Schumann; . Only modestly gifted, (b. After Robert Schumann's early death, she continued her concert tours in Europe for decades, frequently with the violinist Joseph Joachim and other chamber musicians. 2nd ed. [32], Brahms played his First Symphony for her before its premiere. Amy Beach In 1885, Schumann once again joined Joachim conducting Mozart's Piano Concerto in D minor, again playing her own cadenzas. In March 1854, Brahms, Joachim, Albert Dietrich, and Julius Otto Grimm spent time with Clara Schumann, playing music for her and with her to divert her mind from the tragedy. He believed that the artist, through physical and emotional performance, interpreted music for the audience. Weiteren funktionellen Cookies knnen Sie unten auf dieser Seite durch Anwhlen von "Ja" zustimmen. [103], Two more recent German films are Frhlingssinfonie (Spring Symphony) (1983), starring Nastassja Kinski as Clara,[104] and the 2008 Helma Sanders-Brahms' film Geliebte Clara (Beloved Clara), where she is portrayed by Martina Gedeck. Two sisters, Louisa and Susanna Pyne, singers and managers of an opera company in England, and a man named Saunders, made all the arrangements. [27] The two were particularly noted for their playing of Beethoven's violin sonatas. She was married to the composer Robert Schumann, and the pair had seven young children. Clara Schumann: A Dedicated Spirit. [5], From an early age, Clara's father planned her career and life down to the smallest detail. Piatti, too, is always tremendously liked. His niece Eugenie Schumann described him as [the most sensitive amongst musicians, and highly educated]. His oeuvre is slim; he wrote orchestral works, chamber music, including three piano trios, string quartets and a string octet, and numerous works for piano two and four hands. [40] Schumann also spent many years in London participating in the Popular Concerts with Joachim and the celebrated Italian cellist Carlo Alfredo Piatti. Clara Schumann: Prodigy, Rebel, and Renowned Pianist. Another female composer from the same era whose work was also criminally suppressed was Clara Schumann (ne Clara Wieck in Leipzig in 1819). From the marriage of Clara Schumanns parents, divorced in 1825: Wieck, Adelheid (181718), sisterWieck, Friedrich Alwin Feodor (18211885), brother, Since Clara took centre stage at home, her brothers Alwin and Gustav were not promoted to the same extent but were sent out of the house as soon as possible, to stand on their own feet. Clara Schumann ceased to perform any of Liszt's works, and she suppressed her husband's dedication to Liszt of his Fantasie in C major when she published his complete works. She fully accepted the arrangement of a shared diary, as evidenced by her many entries. She wrote that musical "artists" in England "allow themselves to be treated as inferiors. Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Clara Schumann . Clara was a child prodigy, and was trained by her father. [64] During this period, she experienced success as a performer in Britain, where her 1865 performance of Beethoven's Piano Concerto in G major was met with enormous applause. [1] Her mother was a famous singer in Leipzig who performed weekly piano and soprano solos at the Gewandhaus. Her father followed the methods in his own book, Wiecks pianistische Erziehung zum schnen Anschlag und zum singenden Ton ("Wieck's Piano Education for a Delicate Touch and a Singing Sound. He tried to disseminate the methods of his father but this later led to a break with his half-sister Marie who held that she was the only one to be able to pass on the teaching methods of Friedrich Wieck authentically. A lasting friendship developed between Clara and Joseph, which for more than forty years never failed her in things great or small, never wavered in its loyalty. [100], She was also instrumental in getting the works of Robert Schumann recognized, appreciated and added to the repertoire. 17 (1846) and Three Romances for Violin and Piano, Op. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. She also began to play by memory rather than reading from music during concerts, which was then unusual. Encyclopedia.com. In 1857, she was appointed chamber virtuoso to the Court of Hohenzollern. On the suggestion of Robert Schumann and with the support of Felix Mendelssohn, he enrolled at the Leipzig Conservatoire in 1846 where he pursued his training with Moritz Hauptmann, Ignaz Moscheles, Julius Rietz, and Niels Wilhelm Gade until 1850. Colored wood engraving from 1880 . . She then had to practice for two hours every day. She produced one to eight compositions every year beginning at age 11, until her output stopped in 1848, producing only a choral work that year for her husband's birthday and leaving her second piano concerto unfinished. [87], One of Clara Schumann's difficulties with Liszt stemmed from a philosophical difference in performance practice. In July, she consulted a doctor, who having massaged the arm, advised her to practice for only one hour a day. Name variations: Clara Wieck. . I had of course heard of Clara Schumann - the 19th-century German pianist and composer - but, like many people, simply saw her as the wife of Robert Schumann. 1845 March 11, 1845. The Changing Repertoire of the Piano Recital from the Beginnings to 1980". Sie knnen auch verwendet werden, um ein besseres Kundenerlebnis auf dieser Website zu bieten, z. Even though we rarely saw each other, he was always very attached to me. As her siblings she grew up in various boarding schools at different . View more. But Robert, the musical public, and reviewers all took Clara's compositions seriously. Clara described Eugen Bargiel in July 1842, when he and Woldemar spent the holidays with the Schumanns, as sincere and good-natured; he was a merchant who then emigrated to Romania. She gave her last concerts in Dresden at the age of 84 in December 1914 and January 1915. Clara Schumann Clara Schumann artist page: interviews, . [31] These two works, while reserved for her opus 18 and 19, were never published. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. The next few years were devoted mainly to Robert's compositions and to a growing family. [94] Wagner had poked fun at the musical conservatives in an essay, portraying them as "a musical temperance society" awaiting a Messiah. Schumann's children all assisted their mother, considering her "the greatest thing [they] possessed in all the world." [16] Friedrich was strongly opposed to the marriage, and refused his permission.